| (b) words defined
in context showing idiomatic usage and collocations; sample entries:
good, heavy, knock.
good (short
"oo") adj., comp. bet.ter (BET.ur),
superl. best having a
desirable quality: Rain is good for crops,
but bad for a picnic; She's good at or in
manual work; good with her hands; good to her in-laws; Isn't it
good to be home at last! Does
2 + 2 = 4 hold good (= be true) under
all conditions? She's been away a good (= considerable)
while; so tired I'm as good as (=
almost) dead; a round-trip ticket that is
good for (= valid for) a
year; This pen is no good ( = useless).
-- n.1 what is good: to do good and avoid evil;
The laws work for the common good; Happiness is the highest good;
What good is food you can't eat? I'm telling you for your own
good; A teacher tries to bring out the good in every student;
Some come to no good (= yield no good result); Sound advice,
well taken works to our good.
2 goods pl. moveable personal property; also, merchandise;
things for sale: capital, consumer, durable, manufactured goods;
a goods-and-services tax. --for good (and all) forever.
--have the goods on someone Slang. know something bad
about a person that others don't. adv. Informal.
well: I can't see good through the fog; It's raining
good and ( = really) heavy.
-- make good 1 succeed: Unsuccessful throughout life,
he made good by marrying a wealthy widow. 2 put into
effect: to make good one's escape; make good (on) a promise,
a threat. 3 pay for something: to make good a loss.
heav.y (HEV.ee) adj.
heav.i.er, -i.est having great weight; hence, hard:
a heavy load, rain; a heavy blow; heavy
features, fighting, news, reading, traffic; They made it heavy
going for him at work; a heavy (= hard to digest)
meal; a heavy (= sorrowful)
heart; a heavy (= hard to endure)
odor; a heavy (= sound) sleeper;
a heavy drinker and smoker (who drinks and smokes a lot); a heavy
(= abundant) vote.
adv.: a deed that lies heavy on his conscience; Time hangs
heavy on her hands (= drags). --n.,
pl. heav.ies
1 something heavy, as a
large wave. 2 a strong person hired for protection,
as a bouncer, or one of consequence. 3
an actor in a nonheroic or villainous role. --heav.i.ly
adv.; heav.i.ness
n.
knock (NOK) n.
a sharp blow with something hard or solid, as a fist, knuckles,
gavel, etc.: a loud knock on the door;
the hard knocks one has to take in the struggle to make a living;
the lessons everyone learns in the school of hard knocks.
--v. strike, pound, or collide: to
knock at or on a neighbor's
door; The boxer was knocked down in the first round; The ball
knocked the vase off the table; No one likes to knock (Informal
for attack or criticize) a colleague;
An engine that knocks (=
makes a rattling noise) needs antiknock
in the fuel or no-knock gasoline. --knock about or
around 1 roam around. 2
treat someone roughly. --knock
back consume, esp. a quantity of liquor. --knock
down 1 to fell. 2 indicate
an auctioned item as sold, with a knock of the gavel. 3
disassemble: furniture that
comes knocked down in a carton. --knock off Informal.
1 deduct: We'll knock 10%
off the price. 2 stop work or other activity:
We knock off (work) at 5 p.m.; Will
you please knock it off (= stop behaving
like that)? 3 finish routinely:
a prolific writer who knocks off one book
after another. 4 overcome or kill. --knock
out 1 defeat, as in boxing, or put a pitcher out of
a game of baseball. 2 make inoperative:
power lines knocked out by a storm; Two
drinks are enough to knock him out
(= make him unconscious). --knock someone's
socks off Informal.
amaze or overwhelm. --knock together put
together or compose hastily.
--knock.er n.
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(c) Synonym
discriminations shown by usage examples; sample entries: fragile,
frail; nutritional, nutritious, nutritive; primal, primeval,
primitive, primordial.
frag.ile (FRAJ.ul,
-ile) adj. easy to break or destroy: a fragile toy, truce;
in a fragile condition; a fragile environment; fragile happiness,
health. --fra.gil.i.ty
(fruh.JIL.i.tee) n.
frail adj. weak
or delicate: a
man in frail health; a frail beauty, constitution, flower, smile,
voice; frail excuses, hands, happiness, hopes, humanity.
nu.tri.ent (NEW.tree.unt) n. a substance or ingredient
that is nourishing: diets rich in nutrients; critical, healthful,
staple, vital nutrients; adja.: the nutient content of
a salad; the nutrient value of beef; In hydroponics, a water-based
nutrient solution is used instead of soil; cpd:
a nutrient-conscious generation; nutrient-packed cells;
nutrient-poor water; nutrient-rich foods.
nu.tri.tion (new.TRISH.un) n. 1 the study
of the process by which food is assimilated by an organism.
2 nourishment. --nu.tri.tion.al adj. having
to do with nutrition: nutritional aspects, claims, data, deficiency,
needs, value; nu.tri.tion.al.ly adj.
--nu.tri.tion.ist n.
nu.tri.tion.al adj. having
to do with nutrition: nutritional aspects,
claims, data, deficiency, needs, value; nu.tri.tion.al.ly
adv. --nu.tri.tion.ist n.
nu.tri.tious (new.TRISH.us)
adj. having food value: delicious
and nutritious dishes; Spinach is very nutritious; a nutritious
breakfast, diet, food, meal.
nu.tri.tive
(NEW.truh.tiv) adj.
having to do with nourishment: nutritive
functions, plasma; the nutritive process.
pri.mal (PRY.mul) adj.
more basic than primitive in time: The
Earth evolved out of primal material; the primal forces of matter
and energy; primal elements, fears, struggles; the primal scream
therapy for relieving tensions.
pri.me.val
(pry.MEE.vul) adj. of
the earliest times: the earth's primeval
uninhabited condition; primeval forests, jungles. --pri.me.val.ly
adv.
prim.i.tive
(PRIM.uh.tiv) adj. 1
of early times; undeveloped: primitive
instincts, living conditions, tribes, weapons. 2
crude; lacking modern conveni- ences: The
accommodation at the camp was rather primitive. --n.
1 member of an undeveloped civilization: Some
groups of people used to be called primitives. 2 one
not trained or sophisticated: She's a primitive
in her artistic leanings. --prim.i.tive.ly adv.;
prim.i.tiv.ism n.
pri.mor.di.al (pry.MOR.dee.ul)
adj. primeval:
a primordial joy, urge, voice; Did matter
originate as a primordial fireball of radiation? the primordial
"soup" from which life arose according to some theories; a primordial
swamp. --pri.mor.di.al.ly adv.
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